Ubuntu16.04 python2 安装 OpenCV2.4.13.6

事先装有 OpenCV 需要重新安装的，先执行卸载步骤，再安装。

卸载步骤

1.找到当初安装 OpenCV 的 release 或 build 目录，执行以下命令

sudo make uninstall
cd ..
sudo rm -r build
sudo rm -r /usr/local/include/opencv2 /usr/local/include/opencv /usr/include/opencv /usr/include/opencv2 /usr/local/share/opencv /usr/local/share/OpenCV /usr/share/opencv /usr/share/OpenCV /usr/local/bin/opencv* /usr/local/lib/libopencv*

2.删除 usr 文件夹中所有 opencv 相关项

1 2	cd /usr/ find . -name "opencv" \| xargs sudo rm -rf

3.移除 Python 相关

1	apt-get remove opencv-doc opencv-data python-opencv

安装步骤

1.通过命令安装各种软件包

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$ sudo apt-get install build-essential
$ sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
$ sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

2.进到安装路径下拷贝 OpenCV 源码

1	$ git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

3.选择安装的 OpenCV 版本号

1 2	$ cd opencv $ git checkout -b 2.4 origin/2.4

4.使用 Cmake 编译 OpenCV 源码

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$ mkdir release
$ cd release
$ cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

5.make 安装 OpenCV

1 2	$ make -j4 $ sudo make install

安装到此结束。

测试

命令进入 Python 编辑器

1 2	>>> import cv2 >>> print(cv2.__version__)

会输出 OpenCV 的版本号。

cuda 9.0 与 opencv 版本匹配问题：

Cmake 过程中会出现以下问题：

错误

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CMake Error: The following variables are used in this project, but they are set to NOTFOUND.
Please set them or make sure they are set and tested correctly in the CMake files:
CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY (ADVANCED)

原因

在cuda9里面，NVIDIA把 libnppi.so换成libnppc.so libnppial.so libnppicc.so libnppicom.so libnppidei.so libnppif.so libnppig.so libnppim.so libnppist.so libnppisu.so libnppitc.so libnpps.so

解决方案

修改opencv/cmake/FindCUDA.cmake 文件，将其中的

1	unset(CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY CACHE)

替换为：

unset(CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY CACHE)
unset(CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY CACHE)

将

1 2	find_cuda_helper_libs(nppi) set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY"${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppi_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")

替换为

find_cuda_helper_libs(nppial)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicc)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppicom)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppidei)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppif)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppig)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppim)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppist)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppisu)
find_cuda_helper_libs(nppitc)
set(CUDA_npp_LIBRARY "${CUDA_nppc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppial_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppicom_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppidei_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppif_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppig_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppim_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppist_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppisu_LIBRARY};${CUDA_nppitc_LIBRARY};${CUDA_npps_LIBRARY}")

错误

1	opencv nvcc fatal : Unsupported gpu architecture 'compute_20'

原因

cuda9不支持‘ compute-20 ’

解决方案：

更改 OpenCVDetectCUDA.cmake 文件，把有关 ‘ compute-20 ’ 的全删掉
将

if(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Fermi")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0 3.5")
  elseif(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Kepler")
    if(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "5.0")
      set(__cuda_arch_bin "2.0 2.1")
    else()
      set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0 3.5")

替换为

if(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Fermi")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0 3.5")
  elseif(CUDA_GENERATION STREQUAL "Kepler")
    if(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "5.0")
      set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0")
    else()
      set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0 3.5")

将：

if(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "5.0")
     set(__cuda_arch_bin "1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1(2.0) 3.0")
elseif(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER "6.5")
     set(__cuda_arch_bin "2.0 2.1(2.0) 3.0 3.5")

替换为：

if(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_LESS "5.0")
        set(__cuda_arch_bin "1.1 1.2 1.3 2.0 2.1(2.0) 3.0")
elseif(${CUDA_VERSION} VERSION_GREATER "6.5")
        set(__cuda_arch_bin "3.0 3.5")